Individual Agents
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1. Procaine hydrochloride (Novocain)
Procaine has a quick onset and short duration because it is rapidly hydrolyzed by the body's esterases (since Procaine is an ester).
2. Propoxycaine hydrochloride (Ravocaine)
Propoxycaine is more potent because there is a more hydrophobic group on the ring as compared to Procaine. Typically, if a structure is more hydrophobic it will be more potent... it will also probably be more toxic and have increased duration, and you may get binding to plasma proteins.
3. Tetracaine hydrochloride (Pontocaine)
This is no longer available for injection in dentistry due to toxic potential, but is still used for spinal anesthesia and in Oral Surgery.
Category: Pharmacology Notes
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