Increased ICP

• Pressure > 200mmH₂O

• Results in herniation (also H/A, confusion, and papilledema)

  • Subfalcine (cingulated) herniation

    • The falx is the midline between the frontal lobes, and the cingulated gyrus runs on either side of it

    • Can result in anterior cerebral artery infarct if cingulate gyrus herniates under falx

  • Transtentorial (uncal)

    • Medial aspect of temporal lobe herniates through tentorium cerebelli

    • Results in CNIII compression (eyeball paralysis on affected side), posterior cerebral artery infarction (this is the one that supplies the primary visual cortex), and midline midbrain/pontine hemorrhages (Duret hemorrhages)

  • Tonsillar

    • Cerebellar tonsils herniate through the foramen magnum

    • Results in compression of medulla and respiratory centers contained therein

Category: Medical Subject Notes , Pathology Notes