Cholinergic System: Side effects, clinical problems, and toxicity

on 14.1.09 with 0 comments




  • Muscarinic agonists:

    • Side effects-miosis, blurred vision, lacrimation, excessive salivation and bronchial secretions, seating, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, abdominal cramping, increased gastric acid secretion, diarrhea, and polyuria

    • Muscarinic agonists contraindicated in pts with COPD, peptic ulcer disease, and obstruction it the GI or urinary tract

  • Nicotine:

    • Stimulates sympathetic, para ganglia, and the neuromuscular junction and nicotinic receptors of the brain

    • Excites brain leading to tremors and convulsions followed by depression and coma

  • Cholinesterase inhibitors

    • Side effects: toxic effects of neuromuscular junction (similar to muscarinic agonists side effects)

    • Contraindicated in patients with asthma, COPD, peptic ulcer disease, or GI or urinary tract obstruction

  • Muscarinic antagonists

    • Cause: myadriasis, cycloplegia, blurred vision, dry mouth, tachycardia, urinary retention, cutaneous vasodilation, and paralysis of stomach and intestines with constipation, if they enter brain will interfere with memory and sedating

    • Contraindicated for elderly and pts with inherited narrow angles, bowel atony, urinary retention, or BPH

Category: Pharmacology Notes

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