Chronic Renal Failure

• Is not common but can occur

  • Diabetic or hypertension

  • Renalpolycystic disease

• S & S of Diabetes

  • Change in urination (too much) (diuresis or polyuria)

  • Drinking a lot of water (polydipsia)

  • UA - glucose, ketones, (hyperglucose urea)

  • Glomerular hydrostatic pressure increased (GFR and increased tubular flow rates)….early on

  • Later on….glomerular can swell

• Diabetic Neuropathy

• Acute renal failure aka oliguria

• Then they are normal (MIDDLE GROUND)

• Then Chronic renal failure aka diuresis

Late

• Reduced GFR

• Azotemia - collection of BUN in patient

• Hypernatrimia

• Polydipsia

  • Oliguria, decreased urine output, increased renin, stimulates thirst

• Oligouria

• Anemia present (due to fibrotic repair)

  • Decreased hematopeitin

  • Underproduction & Overdestruction

• Not CUREABLE

  • This is because the diseases that cause it cannot be cured (diabetes, glomerular nephritis…inflammation of the basement membrane of the glomerulus…sensitivity reaction)

Early

• High tubular flow rates

• Hyponatrimia (Na+ loss)

• Dehydration

• Polyuria

• Polydipsia

  • Aldosterone driven elevation

• Diarrhea

Management of chronic renal failure

• Pt. With this early on should increase water intake and increase vitamins (calcium, vit D, loading activities), potassium rich foods if passing through them fast,

• Exercise can help the renal function

• Reduce nitrogenous waste (shift their diet)

• Reduce acid load

• Aluminum base antacids bind to phosphates

Dialysis - fancy filter for the patients blood (like a water filter)

Category: Medicine Notes