Tumours of the Central Nervous System

Astrocytic tumours
1. 
   
1. Astrocytoma (WHO grade II)
1. variants: protoplasmic, gemistocytic, fibrillary, mixed
2. Anaplastic (malignant) astrocytoma (WHO grade III)
3. Glioblastoma multiforme (WHO grade IV)
1. variants: giant cell glioblastoma, gliosarcoma



4. Pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I)
5. Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (WHO grade I)
6. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (WHO grade I)
2. Oligodendroglial tumours
1. Oligodendroglioma (WHO grade II)
2. Anaplastic (malignant) oligodendroglioma (WHO grade III)
3. Ependymal cell tumours
1. Ependymoma (WHO grade II)
1. variants: cellular, papillary, epithelial, clear cell, mixed
2. Anaplastic ependymoma (WHO grade III)
3. Myxopapillary ependymoma
4. Subependymoma (WHO grade I)
4. Mixed gliomas
1. Mixed oligoastrocytoma (WHO grade II)
2. Anaplastic (malignant) oligoastrocytoma (WHO grade III)
3. Others (e.g. ependymo-astrocytomas)
5. Neuroepithelial tumours of uncertain origin
1. Polar spongioblastoma (WHO grade IV)
2. Astroblastoma (WHO grade IV)
3. Gliomatosis cerebri (WHO grade IV)
6. Tumours of the choroid plexus
1. Choroid plexus papilloma
2. Choroid plexus carcinoma (anaplastic choroid plexus papilloma)
7. Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumours
1. Gangliocytoma
2. Dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos)
3. Ganglioglioma
4. Anaplastic (malignant) ganglioglioma
5. Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma
6. Central neurocytoma
7. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour
8. Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma)
1. variant: olfactory neuroepithelioma
8. Pineal Parenchyma Tumours
1. Pineocytoma
2. Pineoblastoma
3. Mixed pineocytoma/pineoblastoma
9. Tumours with neuroblastic or glioblastic elements (embryonal tumours)
1. Medulloepithelioma
2. Primitive neuroectodermal tumours with multipotent differentiation
1. medulloblastoma
1. variants: medullomyoblastoma, melanocytic medulloblastoma, desmoplastic medulloblastoma
2. cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumour
3. Neuroblastoma
1. variant: ganglioneuroblastoma
4. Retinoblastoma
5. Ependymoblastoma

Non-neuroepithelial Tumours of the CNS

10. Tumours of the Sellar Region
1. Pituitary adenoma
2. Pituitary carcinoma
3. Craniopharyngioma
11. Hematopoietic tumours
1. Primary malignant lymphomas
2. Plasmacytoma
3. Granulocytic sarcoma
4. Others
12. Germ Cell Tumours
1. Germinoma
2. Embryonal carcinoma
3. Yolk sac tumour (endodermal sinus tumour)
4. Choriocarcinoma
5. Teratoma
6. Mixed germ cell tumours
Tumours of the Meninges
13. 
    
1. Meningioma
1. variants: meningothelial, fibrous (fibroblastic), transitional (mixed), psammomatous, angiomatous, microcystic, secretory, clear cell, chordoid, lymphoplasmacyte-rich, and metaplastic subtypes
2. Atypical meningioma
3. Anaplastic (malignant) meningioma
14. Non-menigothelial tumours of the meninges
1. Benign Mesenchymal
1. Osteocartilaginous tumours
2. Lipoma
3. Fibrous histiocytoma
4. Others
2. Malignant Mesenchymal
1. Chondrosarcoma
2. Hemangiopericytoma
3. Rhabdomyosarcoma
4. Meningeal sarcomatosis
5. Others
3. Primary Melanocytic Lesions
1. Diffuse melanosis
2. Melanocytoma
3. Malignant melanoma
1. Variant meningeal melanomatosis
4. Hemopoietic Neoplasms
1. Malignant lymphoma
2. Plasmactoma
3. Granulocytic sarcoma
5. Tumours of Uncertain Histogenesis
1. Hemangioblastoma (capillary hemangioblastoma)
15. Tumours of Cranial and Spinal Nerves
1. Schwannoma (neurinoma, neurilemoma)
1. Cellular, plexiform, and melanotic subtypes
2. Neurofibroma
1. Circumscribed (solitary) neurofibroma
2. Plexiform neurofibroma
3. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (Malignant schwannoma)
1. Epithelioid
2. Divergent mesenchymal or epithelial differentiation
3. Melanotic
16. Local Extensions from Regional Tumours
1. Paraganglioma (chemodectoma)
2. Chordoma
3. Chodroma
4. Chondrosarcoma
5. Carcinoma
17. Metastatic tumours
18. Unclassified Tumours
19. Cysts and Tumour-like Lesions
1. Rathke cleft cyst
2. Epidermoid
3. Dermoid
4. Colloid cyst of the third ventricle
5. Enterogenous cyst
6. Neuroglial cyst
7. Granular cell tumour (choristoma, pituicytoma)
8. Hypothalamic neuronal hamartoma
9. Nasal glial herterotopia
10. Plasma cell granuloma

Category: Pathology Notes