Dantrolene (Dantrium)

Mechanism of Action: interferes with release of calcium ion from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle.

Indications: Treat muscle spasticity resulting from upper motor neuron disorders (eg, spinal cord injury, stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis.) Treat spasm associated with malignant hyperthermia (anesthetic caused). It is NOT indicated for skeletal muscle spasm of local origin such as arthralgias.

Contratindications: active hepatic disease (eg, hepatitis, cirrhosis)
Warnings: risk of severe hepatic disorders including fatalities. Monitor liver function (SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatases). Discontinue drug at signs of hepatic injury.

Precautions: Caution in use with COPD, impaired pulmonary function, impaired cardiac function due to myocardial disease. Photosensitivity reactions when exposed to sunlight (NOT an allergy).

Adverse reactions: Drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea.

Dental Implications: avoid CNS depressant drugs (increased sedative effects). Avoid hepatotoxic drugs (ie. acetaminophen, use only in low doses).

Category: Pharmacology Notes