Classification of Arboviruses

1. TOGAVIRIDAE : Enveloped, spherical, single stranded RNA, 60nm

   1. Alphaviruses: Vector → Aedes,culex

   2. Reservoir → Birds, horses, rodents

   3. Geography → Americas

1. Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)

2. Western “ “ (WEE)

3. Venezuelan “ “ (VEE)

4. Chikungunya

5. O’nyong nyong

6. Ross River

7. Sindbis

1. FLAVIVIRIDAE : Enveloped, spherical, single stranded RNA, 40-50 nm

   1. Flaviviruses: Vector → Aedes,culex except TBE

1. Yellow fever

2. Dengue (4 serotypes)

3. St.Louis Encephalitis (SLE)

4. West Nile

5. Japanese “ (JE)

6. Tick-borne “ (ticks) (TBE)

3. BUNYAVIRIDAE : Enveloped, pleomorphic, 3-segmented single stranded RNA, 80-120 nm

Reservoir→ Sheep cattle, goats, rodents

Geography → N.America, E.Europe, Russia, Africa, Middle East

1. Bunyaviruses (Aedes)

   1. Bunyamwera

   2. California Encephalitis (CE)

2. Phleboviruses (Phlebotomus, mosquitoes)

   1. Sandfly fever

   2. Rift Valley fever

3. Nairoviruses (Ticks)

   1. Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)

4. Hantaviruses (Transmitted by the aerosols or direct contact of dried secretions such as urine and feces of rodents esp.rats = Rodent-Borne viruses, ROBOVIRUSES)

4. REOVIRIDAE : Naked, double capsid, spherical, 10-12 segmented double stranded RNA, 86-70 nm

1. Coltiviruses

   1. Colorado Tick fever

1. RHABDOVIRIDAE : Enveloped, helical (bullet-shape), single stranded RNA, 75X180 nm

   1. Vesiculovirus (mosquitos, phlebotomus)

   2. Vesicular stomatitis virus

6. OTHERS

   1. Arenaviruses: Enveloped, pleomorphic, 2-segmented single stranded RNA, 50-300 nm.

Contain electron-dense particles in the virion (arenosus: sand)

i. Transmitted by contact with rodent excreta.

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCV)

ii. Argentinian Hemorrhagic Fever (Junin virus)

iii. Bolivian “ “ (Machupo virus)

iv. Venezuelan “ “

v. Lassa Fever (transmits from man to man, highly contagious and fatal)

b. Filoviruses : Enveloped, filamentous or pleomorphic, single stranded RNA, 80X1000 nm

Transmitted by contact with infected monkeys, close & sexual contact amongst human

1. Marburg

2. Ebola

Category: Microbiology Notes